New York University Research Articles

생성형 인공지능과 교육에 관한 언론보도 토픽 분석

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze topics of media reports regarding generative artificial intellignece and education. Methods For this purpose, topic model, one of the text mining techniques, was used. First, we collected newspaper article data on ‘Generative Artificial Intelligence and Education’ through the Big Kinds service and then performed pre-processing and morphological analysis. Based on this, 30 keywords were analyzed. By measuring the number of topics and deriving the top 10 words for each topic, 13 topics were presented and explained. Results The 13 topics presented through the research results are as follows. Researchers focus on education that fosters artificial intelligence leadership, Gyeonggi GPT and fair art education, digital finance professional training, problems and responses to digital democracy, reliability and ethical use of artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence used in creation in various fields, training programs between Gyeonggi-do and State University of New York, regional cooperation model for artificial intelligence convergence education, artificial intelligence edutech support project and core talent training, Metaverse Lab support project, strengthening employee artificial intelligence capabilities for use in local government administrative work, Busan Metropolitan Office of Education's digital program attracting attention from overseas and changes in cultural arts education methods in the era of artificial intelligence were presented. Conclusions Based on the topics presented in this study, we proposed ways to apply and activate generative artificial intelligence in education. The five measures are strengthening teacher capacity for generative artificial intelligence, establishing guidelines for the development and use of artificial intelligence, learner capacity to use generative artificial intelligence correctly, developing and disseminating generative artificial intelligence teaching cases, and based on spontaneity. This is support from the Artificial Intelligence Teacher Research Group.

Targeting foamy macrophages by manipulating ABCA1 expression to facilitate lesion healing in the injured spinal cord

Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a complex cascade of events, including myelin loss, neuronal damage, neuroinflammation, and the accumulation of damaged cells and debris at the injury site. Infiltrating bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMϕ) migrate to the epicenter of the SCI lesion, where they engulf cell debris including abundant myelin debris to become pro-inflammatory foamy macrophages (foamy Mϕ), participate neuroinflammation, and facilitate the progression of SCI. This study aimed to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the functional changes in foamy Mϕ and their potential implications for SCI. Contusion at T10 level of the spinal cord was induced using a New York University (NYU) impactor (5 g rod from a height of 6.25 mm) in male mice. ABCA1, an ATP-binding cassette transporter expressed by Mϕ, plays a crucial role in lipid efflux from foamy cells. We observed that foamy Mϕ lacking ABCA1 exhibited increased lipid accumulation and a higher presence of lipid-accumulated foamy Mϕ as well as elevated pro-inflammatory response in vitro and in injured spinal cord. We also found that both genetic and pharmacological enhancement of ABCA1 expression accelerated lipid efflux from foamy Mϕ, reduced lipid accumulation and inhibited the pro-inflammatory response of foamy Mϕ, and accelerated clearance of cell debris and necrotic cells, which resulted in functional recovery. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the pathologic role of foamy Mϕ in SCI progression and the potential of ABCA1 as a therapeutic target for modulating the inflammatory response, promoting lipid metabolism, and facilitating functional recovery in SCI.

Fertility Knowledge and Educational Experiences of Graduating Medical Students: A Multi-Institution Survey.

Objective: Our goal was to assess the fertility knowledge and educational experiences of graduating U.S. medical students to evaluate areas of improvement for future educational interventions. Design: Web-based cross-sectional survey. Subjects: Medical students graduating in 2023 from the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (SOM), New York University (NYU) Grossman SOM, Wayne State University SOM, Perelman SOM at the University of Pennsylvania, and Mayo Clinic Alix SOM. Main Outcome Measures: Fertility-related knowledge and educational experiences of U.S. medical students in their final year of school. Results: In total, 117 students (14.4%) completed the survey. The average knowledge score was 78%. Twenty-three (22%) overestimated the age of most precipitous fertility decline, and 50 (52%) overestimated the chance of getting pregnant for a 40-year-old person with ovaries. One-third of students (30, 32%) incorrectly believe that physicians have equivalent infertility rates to the general population. Students were less cognizant of male fertility issues, incorrectly believing there was no negative impact on male fertility by age (43, 42%) among other factors. Seventy-five (81%) reported less than 5 hours of fertility-related education in medical school. Only one-third (32%) were satisfied or very satisfied with the fertility education they received. In an open-response question, students expressed interest in additional education on transgender and cancer patient care, fertility preservation, assisted reproductive technologies, and reproductive life planning in medicine. Conclusions: There is a need and an opportunity for medical education programs to enhance fertility education. Giving students and trainees the knowledge required to make informed decisions for their family-building purposes and improving their ability to counsel patients adequately should be a goal of future educational endeavors. The data collected in this study will serve as a guide for the development of fertility-related learning modules for medical students and trainees.

Development and external validation of a dynamic risk score for early prediction of cardiogenic shock in cardiac intensive care units using machine learning.

Myocardial infarction and heart failure are major cardiovascular diseases that affect millions of people in the US with the morbidity and mortality being highest among patients who develop cardiogenic shock. Early recognition of cardiogenic shock allows prompt implementation of treatment measures. Our objective is to develop a new dynamic risk score, called CShock, to improve early detection of cardiogenic shock in cardiac intensive care unit (ICU). We developed and externally validated a deep learning-based risk stratification tool, called CShock, for patients admitted into the cardiac ICU with acute decompensated heart failure and/or myocardial infarction to predict onset of cardiogenic shock. We prepared a cardiac ICU dataset using MIMIC-III database by annotating with physician adjudicated outcomes. This dataset that consisted of 1500 patients with 204 having cardiogenic/mixed shock was then used to train CShock. The features used to train the model for CShock included patient demographics, cardiac ICU admission diagnoses, routinely measured laboratory values and vital signs, and relevant features manually extracted from echocardiogram and left heart catheterization reports. We externally validated the risk model on the New York University (NYU) Langone Health cardiac ICU database that was also annotated with physician adjudicated outcomes. The external validation cohort consisted of 131 patients with 25 patients experiencing cardiogenic/mixed shock. CShock achieved an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.821 (95% CI 0.792-0.850). CShock was externally validated in the more contemporary NYU cohort and achieved an AUROC of 0.800 (95% CI 0.717-0.884), demonstrating its generalizability in other cardiac ICUs. Having an elevated heart rate is most predictive of cardiogenic shock development based on Shapley values. The other top ten predictors are having an admission diagnosis of myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation, having an admission diagnosis of acute decompensated heart failure, Braden Scale, Glasgow Coma Scale, Blood urea nitrogen, Systolic blood pressure, Serum chloride, Serum sodium, and Arterial blood pH. The novel CShock score has the potential to provide automated detection and early warning for cardiogenic shock and improve the outcomes for the millions of patients who suffer from myocardial infarction and heart failure.

Are Top Management Teams Compensated as Teams? A Structural Modeling Approach

I develop two empirical models to quantify agency friction caused by moral hazard in top management teams. They capture shareholders’ distinct perspectives on compensating top managers: the Individual Model, in which managers in a firm unilaterally shirk, and the Team Model, in which managers choose effort jointly. The Team Model rationalizes observed compensation better than the Individual Model, underlining the importance of managerial coordination and team-based incentives. This paper also offers novel estimates of agency friction in a team production setting. Risk premium explains a large portion of the pay differential across and within firms. Firm value would have dropped between 4% and 15% if managers shirked. Additional counterfactual estimation suggests that shareholders could reduce the total compensation by up to $17 million if they were to switch from the individual perspective to the team perspective. This paper was accepted by Shivaram Rajgopal, accounting. Funding: This work was supported by the Professional Staff Congress and the City University of New York (PSC-CUNY) [Grant 67780-00 45]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2024.4982 .

Generative Artificial Intelligence to Transform Inpatient Discharge Summaries to Patient-Friendly Language and Format

By law, patients have immediate access to discharge notes in their medical records. Technical language and abbreviations make notes difficult to read and understand for a typical patient. Large language models (LLMs [eg, GPT-4]) have the potential to transform these notes into patient-friendly language and format. To determine whether an LLM can transform discharge summaries into a format that is more readable and understandable. This cross-sectional study evaluated a sample of the discharge summaries of adult patients discharged from the General Internal Medicine service at NYU (New York University) Langone Health from June 1 to 30, 2023. Patients discharged as deceased were excluded. All discharge summaries were processed by the LLM between July 26 and August 5, 2023. A secure Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant platform, Microsoft Azure OpenAI, was used to transform these discharge summaries into a patient-friendly format between July 26 and August 5, 2023. Outcomes included readability as measured by Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and understandability using Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) scores. Readability and understandability of the original discharge summaries were compared with the transformed, patient-friendly discharge summaries created through the LLM. As balancing metrics, accuracy and completeness of the patient-friendly version were measured. Discharge summaries of 50 patients (31 female [62.0%] and 19 male [38.0%]) were included. The median patient age was 65.5 (IQR, 59.0-77.5) years. Mean (SD) Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level was significantly lower in the patient-friendly discharge summaries (6.2 [0.5] vs 11.0 [1.5]; P < .001). PEMAT understandability scores were significantly higher for patient-friendly discharge summaries (81% vs 13%; P < .001). Two physicians reviewed each patient-friendly discharge summary for accuracy on a 6-point scale, with 54 of 100 reviews (54.0%) giving the best possible rating of 6. Summaries were rated entirely complete in 56 reviews (56.0%). Eighteen reviews noted safety concerns, mostly involving omissions, but also several inaccurate statements (termed hallucinations). The findings of this cross-sectional study of 50 discharge summaries suggest that LLMs can be used to translate discharge summaries into patient-friendly language and formats that are significantly more readable and understandable than discharge summaries as they appear in electronic health records. However, implementation will require improvements in accuracy, completeness, and safety. Given the safety concerns, initial implementation will require physician review.

NIDA on dramatic increase of mushroom seizures

From 2017 – 2022, law enforcement seizures across the United States of mushrooms containing psilocybin increased dramatically, according to a new study funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). The number of law enforcement seizures increased from 402 seizures in 2017 to 1,396 in 2022. In addition, the total weight of psilocybin mushrooms seized by law enforcement increased from 226 kg (498 lbs.) seized in 2017 compared with 844 kg (1,861 lbs.) in 2022. This analysis, published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, was led by researchers at New York University (NYU) Langone Health in New York City, and the University of Florida, Gainesville. The data used for the analysis were collected through the High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas (HIDTA) program, a grant program aimed at reducing drug trafficking and misuse administered by the Office of National Drug Control Policy. Though law enforcement seizures do not necessarily reflect prevalence of use, they represent an indicator of the availability of illicit drugs. “We are in the middle of a rapidly evolving cultural, media, and legal landscape when it comes to psychedelics, and we need data to help shape informed and appropriate public health strategies,” said NIDA Director Nora D. Volkow, M.D., in announcing the research publication last week. “Moving forward, we must continue to track data on the availability of psychedelics, patterns in use, and associated health effects to guide efforts in promoting accurate education and reducing potential harms among people who do plan to use psychedelic drugs.” Adverse effects of psilocybin mushrooms, such as “bad trips,” are marked by “distorted thinking, perceptual changes, putting oneself in physical danger, and intense feelings of fear, anxiety, and confusion,” according to NIDA. “People who take psychedelic drugs like psilocybin may also experience short‐term side effects such as raised blood pressure and heart rate, agitation, confusion, vomiting, or nausea, which may be severe and require medical attention.” Joseph J. Palamar, Ph.D., M.P.H., associate professor at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine, co‐investigator on the NIDA‐funded National Drug Early Warning System (NDEWS), and lead author on the paper, said “Research studies suggesting its effectiveness in treating mental health issues and extensive positive media coverage may lead some people to seek ‘shrooms’ outside of medical contexts. People who use psilocybin outside of medical supervision need to be educated about risks associated with use.”

SUNY Westchester CC receives $3 million NSF grant

As part of its celebration of Hispanic Heritage Month, State University of New York (SUNY) Westchester Community College (WCC) announced it has received a $3 million, five‐year grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to increase the recruitment, retention and graduation rates of students pursuing STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) at Hispanic‐Serving Institutions (HSIs). HSI is a federal designation given to schools that meet various requirements, including at least 25% of enrolled students being of Hispanic backgrounds.

SUNY Westchester CC receives $3 million NSF grant

As part of its celebration of Hispanic Heritage Month, State University of New York (SUNY) Westchester Community College (WCC) announced it has received a $3 million, five‐year grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to increase the recruitment, retention, and graduation rates of students pursuing STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields at Hispanic‐Serving Institutions (HSIs). HSI is a federal designation given to schools that meet various requirements, including at least 25% of enrolled students being of Hispanic background.

(052) Penile Length Enhancement with Suspensory Ligament Release, Corporal Advancement, and Periosteal Stabilization

Abstract Introduction Penile shortening is a common complaint with multiple etiologies. To date, safe and efficacious options have been limited. Release of the penile suspensory ligament has been described for penile augmentation with a reported increase in penile length, However, a simple release of the suspensory ligament sacrifices the stability of the erect penis. We propose a novel technique of dividing the penile suspensory ligament while simultaneously advancing the corporal bodies and maintaining penile stability with periosteal anchoring of the corpora to the pubic symphysis. Objective We demonstrate a method to increase penile length by releasing the suspensory ligament while simultaneously performing corporal body advancement and anchoring of the corpora to the periosteum of the pubic symphysis. Methods An IRB protocol was submitted to the State University of New York at Buffalo IRB committee. The project was found to be IRB-exempt. A test procedure was performed on a male cadaver. A 3cm transverse infrapubic incision was made one fingerbreadth superior to the dorsal aspect of the penis. Scarpa’s fascia and the fundoform ligament were dissected to expose the suspensory ligament and dorsal phallus. Stretched penile length was measured. The suspensory ligament of the penis was released and the corporal bodies were advanced. A 2-0 Ethibond suture was placed through the periosteum of the inferior aspect of the pubic symphysis and tunica albuginea bilaterally in an intervascular manner. Stretched length was again measured with an increase of approximately four centimeters observed. Results In our cadaveric model, simultaneous penile suspensory ligament with corporal advancement and reattachment resulted in a four-centimeter increase in stretched penile length. Conclusions Simply releasing the suspensory ligament may lead to penile instability, scar tissue formation, and retraction of gained penile length. In this cadaveric model, we demonstrate suspensory ligament release with stabilization of the phallus is viable and may offer a method to increase stretched penile length. Disclosure No.

The potential epidemiologic, clinical, and economic value of a universal coronavirus vaccine: a modelling study

With efforts underway to develop a universal coronavirus vaccine, otherwise known as a pan-coronavirus vaccine, this is the time to offer potential funders, researchers, and manufacturers guidance on the potential value of such a vaccine and how this value may change with differing vaccine and vaccination characteristics. Using a computational model representing the United States (U.S.) population, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the various clinical and economic outcomes of COVID-19 such as hospitalisations, deaths, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost, productivity losses, direct medical costs, and total societal costs, we explored the impact of a universal vaccine under different circumstances. We developed and populated this model using data reported by the CDC as well as observational studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. A pan-coronavirus vaccine would be cost saving in the U.S. as a standalone intervention as long as its vaccine efficacy is≥10% and vaccination coverage is≥10%. Every 1% increase in efficacy between 10% and 50% could avert an additional 395,000 infections and save $1.0 billion in total societal costs ($45.3 million in productivity losses, $1.1 billion in direct medical costs). It would remain cost saving even when a strain-specific coronavirus vaccine would be subsequently available, as long as it takes at least 2-3 months to develop, test, and bring that more specific vaccine to the market. Our results provide support for the development and stockpiling of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and help delineate the vaccine characteristics to aim for in development of such a vaccine. The National Science Foundation, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the National Institute ofGeneral Medical Sciences, the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, and the City University of New York.

Differential Prediction for Disadvantaged Students and Schools: The Role of High School Characteristics

Validity studies of college admissions tests have found that, on average, students who are Black or Hispanic earn lower freshman grade-point averages (FGPAs) than predicted by these test scores. This differential prediction is used as a measure of bias. These studies, however, conflate student and school characteristics. The differential prediction affecting minoritized groups may arise in part because they attended high schools in which college enrollees, regardless of race, perform worse than predicted. Using data on students who graduated from New York City public high schools in 2011 and enrolled in the City University of New York, we examined this using college admissions and high school test scores. There was no differential prediction based on race/ethnicity among students within high schools when school characteristics were accounted for. Instead, overprediction of FGPA was associated with the school proportion of enrolled Black and Hispanic students. Overprediction was larger in models with high school test scores.

Ramón Castroviejo (1904–1987): The father of the modern corneal transplantation

Ramón Castroviejo Briones was born in 1904 in Logroño, Spain. He received his medical education at the University of Madrid, where he graduated in 1927. In 1929, he received a fellowship to work as assistant in the Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital and College of Chicago. In 1930, he passed his American Board Examination and returned to Europe to visit the centers where keratoplasty was a fact. He visited the University eye clinics of Madrid, Paris, Vienna, Berlin, and Prague. When he returned to the United States, Castroviejo had a clear idea of what was being done in Europe and what he hoped to achieve. William L. Benedict had offered him a research fellowship at the Mayo Clinic, in Rochester, Minnesota, which Castroviejo accepted. In 1932, Dr. Maynard C. Wheeler granted Castroviejo a Research Fellowship at the new Eye Institute of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University. He moved to New York, where he continued his research in animals in the Eye Institute of the Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, and was an early developer of techniques for transplanting corneal tissue from the eyes of those who had just died to damaged eyes of the living. While not being the first to successfully graft human cornea, he improved the technique of the operation in the 1930s and 1940s, prompting the worldwide adoption of corneal transplantation as a standard way to deal with severe corneal pathology. His keratoplasty technique, creating a rectangular rather than circular “window” in the cornea, was the secret to his successful transplants, and remained standard until more efficient suture materials became available. The surgeon described this technique in 1937 to the American College of Surgeons. He contended that rectangular windows gave better results than the circular ones that had been tried earlier, since their edges could be fitted better to merge with and become a living part of the rest of the eye. Although the medical community was slow to recognize his successes, Castroviejo was eventually lauded for his sight‐saving corneal tissue transplant techniques, which he continued to refine and teach for many years. Castroviejo also promoted the donation of corneal tissue in the United States and designed numerous ophthalmic instruments, including the Castroviejo needle holder ‐an instrument used in eye, dental and other forms of microsurgery‐ Castroviejo callipers and corneal scissors. He became the director of Ophthalmology at St. Vincent's Hospital before he opened his own hospital when he bought the Hammond House in New York. After closing his private hospital he retired as clinical professor of the University of New York and moved permanently to Madrid, where he founded the Instituto Castroviejo, at the Complutense University of Madrid, and organized the Spanish Eye Bank, maintaining extensive clinical activity whenever his health permitted. Ramón Castroviejo died in 1987, at the age of 82, and is widely recognized as one of the 10 most influential people in ophthalmology of the 20th century.

CIPP 모형을 활용한 국내대학 다양성 전담 조직 평가

[Purpose] This study examined diversity organizations within universities in South Korea and juxtaposed these findings with a case from the State University of New York (SUNY).&#x0D; [Methods] Using a systematic literature review as a starting point, we interviewed five pivotal representatives from South Korean universities with a established diversity organization, as well as four chief diversity officers from SUNY. Anchoring our research in the Context-Input- Process-Product evaluation model, a multiple case study approach was adopted.&#x0D; [Results] In the context of evaluation phase, the rise of diversity organizations was seen as a spontaneous response to cater to the shifting demands of higher education. From an input evaluation perspective, the objectives were deemed appropriate, yet there was a noticeable lack of internal resources and support mechanisms. When evaluating processes, they primarily functioned as consultative entities, thereby influencing their capacity to shape institutional decisions. Furthermore, product evaluation revealed that these organizations made commendable strides. This includes advocating for legislative reforms, revamping academic curricula, publicizing official statements, developing diversity index/metric, and orchestrating various publications and public events.&#x0D; [Conclusion] Based on this foundation, it was suggested that the university's diversity policy, beyond its educational impact, should serve as a keyword for university innovation.

THE DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION OF IMAGE:NYC: THE INTERACTIVE MAP OF AGING

Abstract Online interactive maps are an effective tool to visualize and understand socio-spatial locations of populations layered across the availability of relevant resources. These maps are integral in efforts to advance policies, programs and planning for specific sociodemographic groups. This presentation will describe the development and impact of IMAGE:NYC, The Interactive Map of Aging by The New York Academy of Medicine (NYAM) in partnership with the Center for Urban Research at The Graduate Center at the City University of New York. IMAGE:NYC displays the current and projected population of adults aged 65 and older in New York City with overlays of age-friendly resources, services, and amenities at the neighborhood level. The map draws on several data sources such as the 2016-2020 American Community Survey, local and federal voting patterns, and up-to-date information on health, recreational and housing services. The map has served as an invaluable tool for NYC policymakers, planners, researchers, health care and social service providers. In addition, the IMAGE:NYC model has also been replicated by Rutgers University to create similar maps for two counties in New Jersey. This session will demonstrate the utility of this mapping tool and concrete ways to develop a similar map in other localities.

Cell Death &amp; Certainty

I’m Diya Mukherjee, a high school senior based in San Jose, CA with an interest in computational biology and public health. The summer of 2023 marked a turning point for me that is familiar to any science student: my first wet lab experience. I was given the incredible opportunity to participate in the Summer Science Research Program (SSRP) at Rockefeller University in New York, NY, working with research mentors from the Fuchs Lab of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development on a project about the role of inflammation in skin cancer. Cell Death &amp; Certainty depicts an incident from my third week of the program, in which many of my cell samples began to mysteriously die overnight. I deliberately wrote the story with a melodramatic tone, because I think that science so often feels that way.

University consortium to address public health priorities and research capacity building in the Caribbean

The State University of New York (SUNY) – University of the West Indies (UWI) Health Research Consortium (HRC) was implemented in 2015 by the SUNY Global Health Institute (GHI) and the SUNY-UWI Center for Leadership and Sustainable Development. The goal was to advance public health in the Caribbean through collaborative research and education among faculty and students at SUNY and UWI. The Consortium is now a dynamic matrix addressing health priorities that were initially agreed upon with the Jamaica Ministry of Health and Wellness. The HRC has built a foundational matrix that is planning for cutting edge laboratory instrumentation, biomedical informatics system, seamless electronic medical records network, national laboratory data management system, and novel biotechnology (e.g., robotic surgery cluster). The SUNY-UWI partnership fills existing gaps through collaborative programs with the SUNY GHI that facilitate UWI faculty interactions with SUNY faculty and core resources and incubators that encourage collaborations while UWI infrastructure expands. The Health Research Consortium utilizes existing academic models at UWI and SUNY to promote collaboration, capacity building, and program implementation. Consortium teams develop sound business development models that foster sustained economic growth and form the pipeline for workforce development and career opportunities. The Caribbean diaspora and UWI alumni are engaged in working together on this effort. In addition, mentoring in K-12 and beyond is needed to create a vision for the next generations.

OCR concerned with university's handling of accommodation request

Case name: State University of New York at New Paltz, No. 02‐23‐2039 (OCR 05/12/23).

Evaluation of an online modular eating disorders training (PreparED) to prepare healthcare trainees: a survey study

BackgroundEating disorders (EDs) are serious, complex disorders for which broad-based clinical training is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a free, brief, web-based curriculum, PreparED, in increasing comfort and confidence with, and knowledge about EDs in healthcare trainees, and to obtain program feedback from key stakeholders (i.e., learners).MethodsThis programmatic evaluation study was designed as a quantitative, repeated measures (i.e., pre- and post-test intervention) investigation. A convenience sample of two groups of healthcare trainees across geographically diverse training sites completed an anonymous survey pre- and post- engagement with PreparED. The survey included items to assess prior exposure to EDs, as well as program feasibility. The main educational outcomes included (1) Confidence and Comfort with EDs and (2) Knowledge of EDs. User experience variables of interest were likeability, usability, and engagement with the training modules. Mixed effects linear regression was used to assess the association between PreparED and educational outcome variables.ResultsParticipants (N = 67) included 41 nutrition graduate students and 26 nurse practitioner students recruited from Teacher’s College/Columbia University in New York, NY, USA, Columbia University School of Nursing in New York, NY, USA and North Dakota State University School of Nursing in Fargo, ND, USA. Confidence/Comfort scores and Knowledge scores significantly improved following engagement with PreparED (β = for effect of intervention = 1.23, p < 0.001, and 1.69, p < 0.001, respectively). Neither training group nor prior exposure to EDs moderated the effect on outcomes. All learners agreed the program was easy to follow; the overwhelming majority (89.4%) felt the length of the modules was “just right.” All participants perceived that PreparED had increased their knowledge of EDs, and the majority (94.0%) reported greater confidence in and comfort with caring for people with these disorders, including assessment of symptoms, awareness of associated medical complications, and likelihood of future screening.ConclusionsFindings suggest that brief, user-friendly, online courses can improve knowledge and attitudes about EDs, filling a critical gap in healthcare training.

Association of eGFR and Albuminuria with Venous Thromboembolism.

CKD has been implicated as a risk factor of venous thromboembolism, but the evidence is limited to relatively healthy populations. The objective of this study was to discern whether parameters of kidney function and damage are associated with the occurrence of venous thromboembolism after hospitalization. We conducted a retrospective study including 23,899 and 11,552 adult individuals hospitalized within Geisinger Health System and New York University (NYU) Langone Health from 2004 to 2019 and 2012 to 2022, respectively. A Poisson model was used to evaluate adjusted incidence rates of venous thromboembolism according to eGFR and albuminuria categories in each cohort. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze associations of eGFR and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) with venous thromboembolism, and hazard ratios (HRs) were meta-analyzed across cohorts. Both lower eGFR and higher UACR were associated with higher risks of venous thromboembolism. In the Geisinger cohort, the incidence of venous thromboembolism after hospital discharge ranged from 10.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.2 to 12.6) events per 1000 person-years in individuals in G1A1 (eGFR >90 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 and UACR <30 mg/g) to 27.7 (95% CI, 20.6 to 37.2) events per 1000 person-years in individuals with G4-5A3 (eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 and UACR >300 mg/g). A similar pattern was observed in the NYU cohort. Meta-analyses of the two cohorts showed that every 10 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 reduction in eGFR below 60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 was associated with a 6% higher risk of venous thromboembolism (HR 1.06 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.11], P = 0.01), and each two-fold higher UACR was associated with a 5% higher risk of venous thromboembolism (HR 1.05 [95% CI, 1.03 to 1.07], P < 0.001). Both eGFR and UACR were independently associated with higher risk of venous thromboembolism after hospitalization. The incidence rate was higher with greater severity of CKD. This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2023_12_14_CJN0000000000000352.mp3.